";s:4:"text";s:15176:"View in slideshow after downloading for be… • Half-life in blood is about 1 hour • Lipoprotein lipase (LpL) is located at endothelial layer of capillaries of adipose tissue, muscles & heart. Cholesterol synthesis starts with acetyl-CoA, which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). • Apo-CII present in chylomicrons activates LpL. II. Chylomicrons transport dietary TGs and cholesterol from within enterocytes through lymphatics into the circulation. Assembly of chylomicrons occurs in the intestinal lining and results in a nascent chylomicron that contains lipids and apolipoproteins. Chylomicrons pass into the lymphatic system. Chylomicrons are an exogenous pathway of lipid metabolism because they are where dietary fats go directly. In plasma lipid metabolism, the LRP is important because it is the backup receptor responsible for the uptake of apoE-enriched remnants of chylomicrons and VLDL. Chylomicrons are the largest and most buoyant class of lipoprotein. • This enzyme is absent in liver. The reactions in this initial stage are the same as in ketogenesis (see slide 10.4.1).However, while ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria, HMG-CoA destined for … Metabolism of chylomicrons Apolipoprotein B, synthesized in the RER, is incorporated into lipoproteins in the SER, the main site of synthesis of triacylglycerol. They are large and concentrated enough to visibly cloud your plasma. combination of abovementioned mechanisms + interaction of genetically susceptible background and non genetic effects (nutritional, metabolic, disease states) Chylomicrons are formed in … VLDL (VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN) VLDL metabolism is similar to that of chylomicrons; however, VLDL is produced and assembled in liver cells. The chylomicrons also transport dietary cholesterol; this is discussed in slide 11.4.3. After addition of carbohydrate residues in G, they are released from the cell by reverse pinocytosis. 20. Cholesterol metabolism. ASSOC. Comprehensive description of various primary dyslipidemias, cholesterol transport and molecular mechanisms involved. Chylomicrons. Chylomicrons appear in the blood about 2 hours after a meal and disappear from the blood about 16 hours after a meal (having been taken up by the liver). Lipid metabolism – 2. PROF. BILETS M.V. Micelle Protein Triglyceride Long-chain fatty acids Chylomicron Large lipids such as monoglycerides and long-chain fatty acids combine with bile, forming micelles that are sufficiently water soluble to penetrate the watery solution that bathes the absorptive cells. Regulation and pathology of lipid metabolism. Like chylomicrons, the main function of VLDL is the The major protein component is apo B-48 but they also contain apo A-I, apo A-II and apo A-IV. With protein they are transported by chylomicrons; 32 Monoglyceride. disturbed metabolism of lipoproteins - changes in remodelation of particles abnormal composition: LP-X (liver cirrhosis), small dense LDL - catabolism of lipoproteins III. Metabolism of chylomicrons • Site of metabolism: • Adipose tissue & skeletal muscle. Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans facilitate the interaction of apoE-containing remnant lipoproteins with the LRP, which mediates uptake by hepatocytes. The specific type formed at this stage, the chylomicrons, are the largest of all lipoproteins, with a molecular mass of up to 10 10 Dalton, a diameter up to 1 µm, and approximately 10 7 molecules of triacylglycerol. After secretion, they acquire apo E and apo C from HDL. tissues. 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